1. NON-CONVENTIONAL SOURCES OF ENERGY

Non-Conventional Sources of Energy

In order to meet the shortfall of Energy requirements, Renewable Energy Sources (RES), plays a very important role. The thrust for development of RES is three-pronged i.e. (1) Conventional fuel substitution, (2) Conventional fuel conservation and (3) amelioration of the Environment. The main objectives for development of RES are:

¨        Development of RES wherever they are technically and economically viable

¨        Improvement of Decentralised Energy Sources for Rural population in particular

¨        Development of Rural, Urban as well as other backward, hilly and tribal areas for use of locally available decentralised RES

¨        Check environment degradation caused due to Conventional Energy Processes as well as deforestation

Renew Energy Schemes have been formulated by the Ministry of Non-Conventional Energy Sources (MNES), Government of India. The State Government provides financial support in order to supplement the Administrative and other facilities. During the year 2002-03 a provision of Rs. 125.00 lakhs has been proposed in the Annual Plan for the year for implementation of the following schemes under the Head of Development  “Non-Conventional Sources of Energy”.

State Plan:

1.1         Orissa Renewable Energy Development Agency (OREDA) Administration:

OREDA is planning, executing, coordinating, monitoring and evaluating various RES programmes in the State. A provision of an amount of Rs. 28.63 Lakhs for the year 2002-03 has been made to support a Core Establishment.

1.2         National Project on Biogas Development (NPBD) (Family Type Biogas Plants):

NPBD is one the more popular RES programmes and a large number of Biogas Plants (Family Type) are being installed in the State. Government of India provides Subsidy, Turnkey Fees, Training Facilities, Service Charges etc. for promotion of Biogas Plants in the Rural & Agrarian households. In order to supplement inadequate organisational support the Government of Orissa has made a Provision of Rs. 30.00 Lakhs for the year 2002-03. A target of 13,000 nos. of Biogas Plants (FT) has been kept for the year.

1.3         Waste Resource Recycling & Recovery Systems (WRRRS) (Community/Institutional Biogas Plants):

In order to popularise Community and Institutional Biogas Plants, the Government of India has prescribed Central subsidy in the construction of larger Biogas Plants for a community as a whole. The Government of Orissa has made a provision of Rs. 0.62 Lakhs for 2002-03 to meet the staff support component under this scheme.

1.4         National Programme on Improved Chulha (NPIC) (Smokeless cook-stoves):

Government of India with the objective to provide smokeless and improved wood cook-stoves (both portable & fixed) provides Central Subsidy. The State Government has made a provision of Rs. 8.50 Lakhs for Staff Support for the year 2002-03.

1.5         Solar Photovoltaic Systems (SPV):

The objective of this scheme is to provide electricity to unelectrified areas of the State through SPV Home Lighting Systems, SPV Street Lighting Systems, SPV Lanterns, SPV Pumps etc. as a viable alternative in generation & consumption of Rural Electrical Power Scenario. The Government of India provides Central Subsidy and Service Charges for these systems, while the State Government has made a provision 46.65 Lakhs for 2002-03 under Establishment Costs under this programme.

1.6         Solar Thermal Energy Programme (STEP):

The objective of this scheme is to provide a alternative to Thermal applications in day-to-day life. Some of the systems are Solar Water Heating, Solar Distillation, Solar Cooking and Solar Passive Architecture. The Government of India provides a Central Subsidy, which has undergone a drastic reduction. So the State Government has made a provision of Rs. 1.23 Lakhs in order to supplement the subsidy as well as to meet the Establishment Costs for the year 2002-03.

1.7         Wind Power Generation (WPG):

Under this scheme the Mechanical Energy in Wind is converted in Electrical Energy. The State Government has made a provision of Rs. 0.65 Lakhs in order to meet the repair & maintenance costs of the existing systems.

1.8         Urjagram:

Under this scheme certain model villages are adopted for coverage comprehensively and totally under the RES umbrella. The State Government has made a provision of Rs. 1.00 Lakhs for 2002-03 under this scheme for Establishment Costs.

1.9         Research & Development (R&D):

Under scheme the modifications, ameliorations and innovations are undertaken. The State Government has made a provision of Rs. 1.85 Lakhs to meet all the expenditures incurred under this scheme.

1.10   Publicity & Exhibition:

As RES is still new and considering its importance in the energy-scarce scenario its popularisation and promotion is an absolute must. Thus its impact in mind the Government of India provides a large component funds to augment publicity of the devices and systems for their greater acceptability and awareness. The State Government has made a provision of Rs. 5.87 Lakhs for the year 2002-03 as a matching contribution under this scheme.

2. Integrated Rural Energy Planning (IREP) Programme:

The objective of this programme is to ascertain, develop and propagate the most appropriate Energy processes in selected Blocks of the State. This also emphasises the increases institutional capability through integrated rural energy plans & projects in order to meet the basic subsistence & productive levels in the most deprived and backward areas of the State. The State Government has made a provision of Rs. 27.00 Lakhs to meet the extra Subsidy being made in these IREP Blocks. The Government of India provides funds for Staff Support for this Programme.

Annual Plan 2002-03 under RES

SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH (INCLUDING S&T)

 For sustained development, application of Science & Technology in the development process is crucial. The major objectives envisaged for the Sector in the Annual Plan 2002-2003 are as follows:-

• Priority to key areas like Biotechnology and Remote Sensing and make effective use of it.

• Promotion of Science & Technology through application orientated research.

• Establishment of close and effective linkage between Research Institutions, Industries and other user organisation.

• Popularisation of Science & Technology and promotion of Scientific temper in general and among the students community in particular.

• Implementtion of GRAMSAT Pilot Project- Orissa to train and upgrade the skills of field level functionaries of different departments of Government.

3.1. Institute of Life Science :

The aims and objectives of the Institute of Life Sciences are to

(1) Conduct basic and applied research in frontier areas of Life Sciences.

(2) to promote interaction amongst Scientists, conduct interdisciplinary research and to collaborate with other research and teaching institutions.

(3) to provide expert advice to various agencies for the application of the new findings.

(4) to hold conference, symposia and workshop on the subject.

3.2             ORISSA BIGYAN ACADEMY

 In order to foster in scientific temper among the public and in order to sensitise more and more students to accept Science and Technology as their professional career, the Orissa Bigyan Academy (OBA) is expected to play a vital role.  The Academy is a nodal agency of the Department of Science and Technology, Government of Orissa. Its objectives include creating a scientific temper in the State by organising exhibitions, discussions, workshops, Seminars in all parts of the State, publishing magazines and periodicals to sensitise the public about the role of S&T for the development of the State of Orissa, presenting various awards to Senior and Junior Scientists as a source of encouragement, felicitating the eminent scientists and awarding the prominent writers for their significant contributions to the scientific literature (in Oriya), arranging various types of workshops and seminars to impart proper training to teachers and writers of our State and the like.